Reading the Weather Forecast in Japanese: “Kumori tokidoki ame” and “Kōsui kakuritsu”
Japanese weather forecasts use short words like 時々 (tokidoki) and 一時 (ichiji). They have exact meanings set by the Japan Meteorological Agency. This page explains the words and gives you a short practice exercise.
やさしい日本語
- 天気予報の 言葉には、決まった 意味が あります。
- このページで、よく 出る 言葉を 練習します。
Words in the forecast
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning (Japan Meteorological Agency) |
|---|---|---|
| 晴れ | hare | Sunny / fair. |
| くもり | kumori | Cloudy, with no rain or snow. |
| のち | nochi | “Later.” The weather changes from the first part of the period to the second part. 晴れのち雨 = sunny, later rain. |
| 時々 | tokidoki | “At times.” It happens on and off, for less than half of the forecast period in total. |
| 一時 | ichiji | “For a while.” It happens without a break, for less than a quarter of the forecast period. |
| 降水確率 | kōsui kakuritsu | Chance of rain: the chance of 1 mm or more of rain, given every 6 hours in steps of 10%. A high number does not mean a lot of rain. |
やさしい日本語
- 「のち」は、天気が 途中で かわる ことです。
- 「時々」は、雨が ふったり やんだり する ことです。
- 「一時」は、少しの あいだ、つづけて ふる ことです。
- 「降水確率」は、1ミリ 以上の 雨が ふる 確率です。数字が 大きくても、雨の 量が 多い わけでは ありません。
Advisories and warnings
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning (Japan Meteorological Agency) |
|---|---|---|
| 注意報 | chūihō | Advisory: a disaster could happen. |
| 警報 | keihō | Warning: a serious disaster could happen. |
| 危険警報 | kiken keihō | Danger warning (Level 4): a dangerous situation with a high risk of a serious disaster. |
| 特別警報 | tokubetsu keihō | Emergency warning: the risk of a serious disaster is very high. |
やさしい日本語
- 「注意報」→「警報」→「危険警報」→「特別警報」の 順に、危険が 大きく なります。
- 警報が 出たら、市や 区の 知らせを 見ましょう。
Practice: read a forecast
Read this sample forecast (made for this page). Then answer the questions.
夜:雨 のち くもり
降水確率:6時〜12時 30% 12時〜18時 60%
- Will it rain all day tomorrow?
Answer
No. 時々雨 means rain on and off, less than half of the time.
- What will the weather be like late at night?
Answer
Cloudy. 雨のちくもり = rain, later cloudy.
- Is rain more likely from 6:00 to 12:00 or from 12:00 to 18:00?
Answer
From 12:00 to 18:00 (60%).
- Does 60% mean a lot of rain?
Answer
No. It is the chance of 1 mm or more of rain, not the amount.
やさしい日本語
- あしたの 天気予報を 読んで、4つの 問題に 答えましょう。
- 答えは「Answer」を おすと 見られます。
Phrases to use
Show the card or read it aloud.
あしたの 天気は どうですか?
What is the weather tomorrow?
傘は 要りますか?
Do I need an umbrella?
警報が 出て いますか?
Is there a warning?
ゆっくり 話して ください。
Please speak slowly.
Japanese words
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 天気予報 | tenki yohō | Weather forecast |
| 降水確率 | kōsui kakuritsu | Chance of rain |
| 時々 | tokidoki | At times |
| 一時 | ichiji | For a while |
| 警報 | keihō | Warning |
Source
Japan Meteorological Agency, “Forecast terms: words about time” (予報用語「時に関する用語」) and “Words about weather” (「天気に関する用語」), “Advisories and warnings” (「注意報・警報等に関する用語」), and “Weather forecast” (天気予報について).
Last checked: 2026-10-23
The practice texts on this page were made for this page.